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1.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 149(12)dic. 2021.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1389406

ABSTRACT

Background: Thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm (TAAA) is an infrequent disease and demands a highly specialized and experienced management. Open repair (OR) is the gold standard but it is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Paraplegia and renal failure are the most important complications. Aim: To report our results with OR treatment of TAAA. Material and Methods: Descriptive study including all patients with TAAA operated electively and consecutively by OR between 1983 and 2019. Main outcomes are operative mortality, renal and neurological morbidity, and long-term survival. Results: We report 45 operated patients aged 33 to 84 years, 74% males. Aneurysm extension according to Crawford classification was I in 18%, II in 18 %, III in 36% and IV in 29%. Operative mortality was 4%. The frequency of paraplegia or paraparesis at discharge was 9%. No patient was discharged on hemodialysis. Survival at 5 and 10 years were 60% and 40% respectively. Conclusions: OR of TAAA is a complex procedure. Our results show perioperative mortality rates comparable to highly experienced centers. Although being a major procedure, OR remains an alternative to treat this serious condition.

2.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 141(2): 264-267, feb. 2013. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-675068

ABSTRACT

Background: Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma can spread locally to neighboring organs in the mediastinum. When it invades the aorta, the patient may develop an aorto esophageal fistula (AEF), complication that carries a high mortality rate. We report a 62-year-old male with stage IV esophageal carcinoma who, after chemo radiation treatment, developed an AEF. He was successfully treated with the use of an aortic endograft. The patient died 13 months later due to progression of his cancer, without evidence of sepsis or new bleeding episodes.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Aortic Diseases/etiology , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/complications , Esophageal Fistula/etiology , Esophageal Neoplasms/complications , Vascular Fistula/etiology , Aortic Diseases/surgery , Endovascular Procedures , Esophageal Fistula/surgery , Fatal Outcome , Vascular Fistula/surgery
3.
Rev. chil. cir ; 63(5): 519-523, oct. 2011. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-603005

ABSTRACT

In the last decade endovascular repair of infrarenal aortic aneurysms (EVAR) has become increasingly popular. However, until recently patients with juxtarenal abdominal aortic aneurysms (JAAA) or with thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysms (TAA) were not candidates for EVAR due to the lack of an adequate landing zone to deploy the endograft. Because of considerable morbidity and mortality that traditional open surgery of these aneurysms entail, new endografts with fenestrations and branches have been developed to treat these patients. We present our initial experience with two cases, both male with coronary artery disease considered high-risk for traditional open repair. The first patient has a 4.1 cm sacular JAAA; it is repaired with a fenestrated endograft with branches for both renal arteries (RA), superior mesenteric artery (SMA) and a scallop for the celiac trunk (CT). The second patient has a 5.9 cm TAA with a previous aorto bifemoral bypass; because the CT is chronically occluded it is repaired with a fenestrated endograft with branches for both RA and SMA. In both patients post operative course was uneventful. Follow-up at 11 months and 30 days respectively, show adequate exclusion of the aneurysm with patency of all revascularized vessels. This new therapeutic procedure allows treatment of high-risk patients with complex aortic aneurysms in whom conventional repair entails a prohibitive surgical risk.


La reparación endovascular de un aneurisma aórtico abdominal infrarrenal (EVAR) se ha popularizado en la última década. Sin embargo, hasta ahora los pacientes con aneurisma aórtico abdominal yuxtarrenal (AAAY) o aneurisma aórtico tóracoabdominal (AATA) no eran candidatos a EVAR por ausencia de una zona sana donde apoyar la endoprótesis tubular. La reparación convencional se asocia a una morbimortalidad considerable, por lo que se han desarrollado endoprótesis capaces de acomodar ramas de la aorta que permiten tratar estos aneurismas en forma mínimamente invasiva. Presentamos la experiencia inicial de dos casos, ambos de sexo masculino y portadores de enfermedad coronaria considerados de alto riesgo para cirugía abierta. El primero, portador de un AAAY sacular de 4,1 cm de diámetro; se repara mediante el uso de endoprótesis fenestrada con ramas a ambas arterias renales (AR), arteria mesentérica superior (AMS) y una escotadura para el tronco celíaco (TC). El otro, portador de AATA de 5,9 cm de diámetro, un puente aorto bifemoral previo y TC crónicamente ocluido; se repara con endoprótesis fenestrada con ramas para las AR y AMS. Ambos pacientes presentaron una evolución post operatoria favorable. El seguimiento a 11 meses para el primero y 30 días para el segundo demuestra exclusión del aneurisma y permeabilidad de todas las arterias revasculari-zadas. Este nuevo procedimiento terapéutico abre la posibilidad de tratar pacientes de alto riesgo, portadores de aneurismas aórticos complejos, para los que una alternativa convencional implica un alto riesgo quirúrgico.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/surgery , Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic/surgery , Blood Vessel Prosthesis , Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation/methods , Stents , Treatment Outcome
4.
Rev. chil. cir ; 63(2): 134-140, abr. 2011. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-582963

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Traumatic lesions of supra aortic trunks (SAT) have an elevated morbidity and mortality, and its treatment is technically challenging. Endovascular techniques offer an effective solution with a lower risk, making it an attractive alternative. Objectives: Retrospective review of all the patients with SAT lesions treated with endovascular techniques. Results: Between March 2000 to August 2009, 8 patients were treated, 6 men, mean age 33.6 years. Three patients suffered blunt and 5 a penetrating trauma. The injured vessels were subclavian artery in 5, brachiocephalic trunk in two and common carotid in one. Of the 5 patients with subclavian artery injury, three had associated brachial plexus injury. Six patients were treated with an endo-graft and one with coil-embolization. One patient suffered an early partial collapse of his endograft, requiring an additional bare metal stent to maintain patency. In this series there was neither neurological morbidity nor operative mortality. Follow-up is 24.3 months, and primary assisted patency is 100 percent at 21.9 months with two patients lost to follow-up. Conclusions: Endovascular treatment of SAT lesions is effective, showing low morbidity and mortality with a good mid-term patency.


Introducción: Las lesiones traumáticas de troncos supra aórticos (TSA) tienen elevada morbimor-talidad, y su tratamiento presenta un desafío técnico. Las técnicas endovasculares se presentan como una alternativa atractiva y de menor riesgo para su solución efectiva. Objetivos: Evaluar los resultados del tratamiento endovascular de las lesiones de TSA. Material y Método: Se revisaron retrospectivamente todos los pacientes sometidos a tratamiento endovascular de lesiones de TSA. Resultados: Entre Marzo de 2000 y Agosto de 2009 se intervinieron 8 pacientes, 6 hombres, edad promedio 33,6 años. El mecanismo traumático fue contuso en 3 y penetrante en 5. Los vasos afectados fueron arteria subclavia en 5, tronco braquiocefálico en 2 y carótida común en uno. De los pacientes con lesión subclavia, tres presentaron compromiso de plexo braquial asociado. Siete pacientes fueron tratados con implante de endoprótesis y uno mediante embolización. Un paciente requirió un stent no cubierto para tratar el colapso parcial precoz de una endoprótesis. No hubo morbilidad neurológica de novo ni mortalidad operatoria. El seguimiento clínico promedio es 24,3 meses. Dos pacientes se perdieron al seguimiento. La permeabilidad primaria asistida es 100 por ciento a 21,9 meses. Conclusiones: El tratamiento endovascular de lesiones de TSA es efectivo, con baja morbimortalidad y con buena permeabilidad a mediano plazo.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Subclavian Artery/surgery , Subclavian Artery/injuries , Carotid Artery Injuries , Vascular Surgical Procedures/methods , Brachiocephalic Trunk/surgery , Brachiocephalic Trunk/injuries , Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation , Follow-Up Studies , Retrospective Studies , Stents , Time Factors , Treatment Outcome , Wounds and Injuries
5.
Rev. chil. cir ; 63(1): 21-27, feb. 2011. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-582941

ABSTRACT

Background: Traumatic rupture of the thoracic aorta as a result from high-speed deceleration injury is associated with a mortality rate of 80 percent to 90 percent at the scene of the accident. Survivors usually have life-threatening injuries to other organ systems. Standard open repair is associated with a high penoperative morbidity and mortality. Endografting offers a less invasive alternative to open surgical repair. Aim: To evaluate results of endovascular management of acute traumatic descending thoracic aortic ruptures. Methods: Between August 2002 and March 2010, patients treated for this trauma were reviewed. Results: 16 patients (fourteen males mean age 42.7 +/- 15.8 years, range 24-74) underwent endovascular treatment of an acute aortic rupture. Associated traumas in fifteen patients were: severe brain (7), spleen (4), liver (1), kidney (3) and large bone (9) injuries. Motor vehicle accidents caused 13 of the injuries and fall from height 3. Rupture was diagnosed with admission CT sean and confirmed by intraoperative angiogram. Patients were treated with thoracic aortic endograft, in 11 cases the left subclavian artery was covered with no need for further revascularization. Technical success was 100 percent, no procedure-related mortality or paraplegia was observed. One patient died 5 days after the procedure due to severe associated injuries. During a mean follow-up of 30.8 months (range 1-80), no deaths, complications or need for further interventions presented. Conclusion: Endovascular treatment of acute traumatic aortic isthmic rupture is encouraging and compares favorably to open surgical approach with low morbidity and mortality rates.


Los accidentes por desaceleración súbita se asocian a transección de la aorta torácica, falleciendo 85-90 por ciento de ellos en el sitio del suceso. Los que sobreviven presentan habitualmente politraumatismo asociado grave, teniendo la reparación quirúrgica convencional de la aorta una alta morbimortalidad. La reparación endovascular es una alternativa menos invasiva y de menor morbi-mortalidad. Objetivo: Analizar los resultados de la reparación endovascular de transecciones agudas de la aorta torácica. Pacientes y Métodos: Se revisan los antecedentes de los pacientes tratados entre agosto de 2002 y marzo de 2010. Resultados: Tratamos 16 pacientes (14 hombres, 42,7 +/- 15,8 años, extremos 24-74) con transección traumática aguda de aorta torácica descendente. Quince presentaban lesiones asociadas: traumatismo encéfalo-craneano (7), fractura de huesos largos (9), laceración esplénica (4), hepática (1), renal (3). La causa del accidente fue vehicular en 13 casos y caída de altura en 3. El diagnóstico fue realizado mediante tomograña axial computada al ingreso y luego angiograña en la sala de operaciones. El tratamiento consistió en la cobertura de la zona de transección mediante el implante de una endoprótesis, siendo necesario cubrir la arteria subclavia izquierda en 11 casos, sin requerir revascularización de la extremidad. El éxito técnico fue 100 por ciento, no hubo mortalidad relacionada al procedimiento. No hubo paraplejia. Un paciente de 60 años fallece al 5to día por lesiones asociadas graves. En el seguimiento alejado a 30,8 meses (1-80) no ha habido complicaciones ni reintervenciones. Conclusión: La cirugía endovascular es una alternativa eficaz y con baja morbimortalidad para el tratamiento de transecciones de la aorta torácica.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic/surgery , Aorta, Thoracic/injuries , Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation , Aortic Rupture/surgery , Stents , Thoracic Injuries/complications , Acute Disease , Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic/etiology , Follow-Up Studies , Aortic Rupture/etiology , Treatment Outcome , Thoracic Injuries/surgery
6.
Rev. chil. cir ; 62(3): 279-284, jun. 2010. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-562730

ABSTRACT

A difficult anatomy is the major challenge to overcome with abdominal aortic aneurysm endografting. Bilateral iliac aneurysm preventing an appropriate distal landing zone for an endograft is a common condition and can be managed by: a) Increasing the diameter of the endograft, with limitations in available sizes; b) bilateral hypogastric embolization, accepting an increased morbidity; c) combining a surgical hypogastric revascularization by retroperitonel approach or d) retrograde revascularization from the ipsilateral external iliac artery using an endograft. Recently, branched endografts have been designed to revascularize the hypo gastric artery. Their deployment is complex but allows antegrade and stable flow. We report a 57 year-old male, at high risk for an open procedure, who presented with a small aortic aneurysm, bilateral iliac and left hypogastric aneurysms. A right bifurcated iliac endograft was deployed, associated with left hypogastric aneurysm embolization and aortic endografting. The patient recovered event free, patency of the endograft and absence of endoleak was demonstrated on a CT scan. He presented minor left buttock claudication, sexual function was preserved. This new technique allows safe endovascular treatment of patients with bilateral iliac aneurysm, allowing preservation of pelvic perfusion and avoiding the risk of an open procedure in a high risk patient.


Una anatomía desfavorable es un obstáculo a vencer con el tratamiento endovascular del aneurisma aorto-ilíaco. La presencia de aneurisma ilíaco bilateral es frecuente y amenaza la adecuada fijación distal de una endoprótesis. Esta condición puede ser manejada: a) aumentando el diámetro del dispositivo a nivel ilíaco, con limitaciones en las medidas disponibles; b) embolización hipogástrica bilateral, aceptando una morbimortalidad mayor; c) combinando un abordaje quirúrgico retroperitoneal para revascularizar una arteria hipogástrica, aumentando el impacto del procedimiento; d) mediante revascularización retrógrada unilateral desde la arteria ilíaca externa ipsilateral con otra endoprótesis. Recientemente se ha descrito el uso de endoprótesis ramificadas, que requieren un despliegue complejo, pero permiten revascularizar una o ambas arterias hipogástricas en forma anterógrada y estable. Reportamos el caso de un paciente de sexo masculino y 57 años, de alto riesgo para cirugía convencional, portador de un aneurisma pequeño de aorta abdominal y aneurismas ilíaco común bilateral e hipogástrico izquierdo. Fue tratado mediante despliegue de una endoprótesis bifurcada ilíaca, revascularizando la arteria hipogástrica derecha y embolizando la izquierda aneurismática, asociado a implante de una endoprótesis aórtica convencional, también bifurcada. El paciente evoluciona sin complicaciones, con claudicación glútea izquierda leve en disminución y preservación de su función sexual. Una tomografía axial computada demuestra exclusión efectiva de sus aneurismas. Esta nueva técnica permite tratar de manera segura a pacientes portadores de aneurisma ilíaco bilateral en forma endo-vascular, manteniendo perfusión de la circulación pelviana y disminuyendo el impacto de un procedimiento convencional en pacientes de alto riesgo.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Iliac Aneurysm/therapy , Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/therapy , Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation/instrumentation , Iliac Aneurysm/surgery , Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/surgery , Blood Vessel Prosthesis , Combined Modality Therapy , Embolization, Therapeutic , Iliac Artery , Pelvis/blood supply , Treatment Outcome
7.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 137(8): 1081-1088, ago. 2009. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-532001

ABSTRACT

Open and endovascular surgery are therapeutic alternatives for the treatment of abdominal aortic aneurism. The development of guidelines for its treatment requires a thorough analysis of available evidence to recommend the best treatment for each country's reality. Prospective randomized trials have shown best initial results with endovascular surgery, with higher hospital costs than open surgery. The requirement of anatomical suitability for the placement of endovascular prostheses limits the universal use of endovascular surgery. Moreover, this type of surgery needs a strict imaging and clinical follow up due to the high rates of late complications, which range from 20 percent to 40 percent. Many of these complications require further surgical interventions, elevating costs of treatment. The initial benefit of endovascular surgery is lost during long follow up as survival curves become similar to those of open surgery. Even for patients with a high surgical risk, the benefits of endovascular surgery are doubtful.


Subject(s)
Humans , Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/surgery , Vascular Surgical Procedures/adverse effects , Evidence-Based Medicine , Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic , Vascular Surgical Procedures/economics , Vascular Surgical Procedures/methods
9.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 136(12): 1535-1541, dic. 2008. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-508906

ABSTRACT

Background: Inferior vena cava (IVC) filters are used to prevent massive pulmonary embolism in cases where anticoagulation is contraindicated or has failed. It is usually implanted below the renal veins. In a few cases it is necessary to deploy the filter above them, with theoretical rísk of secondary renal failure. Aim: To report the experience with filters located above the renal veins. Patients and Methods: Medical records of all patients with percutaneous suprarenal filters are reviewed. Results: Between May 1993 and May 2007, 361 percutaneous IVC filter procedures were performed. In thirty patients aged 19 to 77 years (average 48years, 50 percent males), they were placed in suprarenalposition (8,3 percent). Suprarenal IVC filters were implanted in patients with extensive caval thrombosis, renal vein thrombosis extending to cava, displacement of previous IVC filters and double IVC system. Jugular vein approach was the access of choice. Technical success was 100 percent, no death or pulmonary embolism occurred. Patients were followed from 1 to 165 months (average 57 months). Eight deaths were recorded, five in patients with cáncer No patient had renal failure on follow up (average creatinine 0.90+0,26 mg/dL). Three patients developed a new deep vein thrombosis (10 percent), without pulmonary embolism. Conclusions: In this retrospective analysis of patients, suprarenal placement of IVC filters was not associated to secondary renal failure, and showed good short and long term results.


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Pulmonary Embolism/prevention & control , Vena Cava Filters , Vena Cava, Inferior/surgery , Venous Thrombosis/therapy , Follow-Up Studies , Retrospective Studies , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Treatment Outcome , Vena Cava, Inferior , Venous Thrombosis , Young Adult
10.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 136(11): 1431-1438, nov. 2008. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-508963

ABSTRACT

Background: Dissections that involve the ascending aorta are classified as type A, regardless of the site of the primary intimal tear, and all other dissections as type B. Type B dissections can have fatal ischemic and hemorrhagic complications. In the chronic state, dilatation and rupture can be mortal. Endovascular surgery is a therapeutic alternative, considering the high rate of complications of conventional surgery Aim: To report the results of endovascular treatment of type B aortic dissection. Material and methods: Report of 36 treated patients (30 males) aged 43 to 87 years, with a type B aortic dissection. Seventy eight percent were hypertensive and 39 percent smoked. The diagnosis was conñrmed by CAT sean. Acute patients were treated for complications and chronic patients, for dilatation. In the operating room, an endoprothesis was placed through the femoral artery, to cover the tear. The tear was located and the lumens were differentiated using angiography and transesophageal echocardiography. Results: All procedures were successful. In 16 acute dissections the indications were malperfusion syndrome or unmanageable hypertension in seven patients and imminent rupture or persistent pain in nine. Twenty chronic patients were operated due to dilatation (mean 6 cm). One patient died due to cardiac failure. One patient had a transient paraparesia and two had pulmonary embolism. No patient died in a follow up períod ranging from 2.5 to 74 months. Four patients required a new aortic endovascular procedure due to progressive dilatation or endoleak. Conclusión: Endovascular treatment of type B aortic dissection has good immediate andlong term results.


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Aortic Dissection/surgery , Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic/surgery , Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation/methods , Acute Disease , Chronic Disease , Echocardiography, Transesophageal , Follow-Up Studies , Prospective Studies , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Treatment Outcome
11.
Rev. chil. cir ; 60(5): 424-428, oct. 2008. ilus, tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-549985

ABSTRACT

Introducción: La reparación endovascular de aneurismas abdominales e ilíacos requiere de la introducción de dispositivos de alto calibre (> 16 F) mediante denudación de arterias femorales. Mediante una variación técnica, el sistema de sutura arterial percutanea Prostar-XL® (Abbott, EEUU) permite el acceso arterial percutaneo evitando la denudación. Objetivo: Analizar la experiencia inicial en el tratamiento percutaneo de aneurismas del territorio aorto-ilíaco. Material y Método: Revisión de las historias clínicas y base de datos de pacientes tratados con sutura arterial percutanea, entre octubre de 2003 y abril de 2008. Resultados: Tratamos 22 pacientes con esta técnica (20 hombres y 2 mujeres). Dieciséis portadores de aneurisma aórtico abdominal, 3 aneurismas ilíacos, 2 reparaciones de endofuga y un aneurisma hipogástrico. La edad promedio fue 72,6 años (rango 56-86). Se utilizó el sistema Prostar XL® para sutura percutanea en 37 arterias femorales. La anestesia más utilizada fue peridural en el 50 por ciento de los pacientes. En 7 casos (31,8 por ciento) se efectuó la operación exclusivamente con anestesia local. El diámetro de los dispositivos de endoprótesis fue de 16 a 23 F. Se obtuvo éxito técnico en 34 cierres (92 por ciento). Tres arterias requirieron reparación quirúrgica tradicional. No hubo mortalidad operatoria. Durante el seguimiento (promedio 12,6 meses, rango 1-53) no se registraron falsos aneurismas femorales ni infección. Discusión: El cierre percutaneo en la reparación endovascular de aneurismas aorto-ilíacos es un procedimiento mínimamente invasivo, seguro y efectivo, que permite eventualmente el uso de anestesia local.


Introduction: Endovascular repair of aortic (AAA) and iliac artery aneurysms requires introduction and deployment of large bore devices (> 16 F) through surgical exposure of the femoral artery. The Prostar XL ® arterial suture system allows the introduction of such devices without the need for surgical exposure. Aim: To report our initial experience with percutaneous arterial closure during aneurysm endografting. Methods: We reviewed records and database of patients treated with this technique between October2003 and April 2008. Results: We treated 22 patients with this technique (20 men and 2 women, average age 72 years). Sixteen had AAA, 3 iliac artery aneurysm, 1 hypogastric aneurysm and two for endoleak repair. The percutaneous closure device was used in 37 femoral arteries. In 7 patients (31,8 percent) the operation was completed entirely under local anaesthesia. The diameter of the devices ranged between 16 and 23 F. Technical success was obtained in 34 arteries (92 percent). Three arteries required surgical repair due to inadequate haemostasis (sheaths 18, 21, and 21 F). There was no operative mortality. During follow-up (mean 12,6 months, range 1-53) no false aneurysm or infection at the puncture site has been registered and the patients remain free of complications. Discussion: Percutaneous arterial closure in endovascular aneurysm repair is a safe, minimally invasive and effective procedure which allows resolving theses serious conditions in selected patients.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Iliac Aneurysm/surgery , Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/surgery , Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation/methods , Suture Techniques , Femoral Artery/surgery , Follow-Up Studies , Treatment Outcome
12.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 135(3): 351-358, mar. 2007. graf, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-456621

ABSTRACT

Background: Anticoagulation is the treatment of choice for deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE). Occasionally this treatment is contraindicated or fails to prevent PE. In these patients, inferior vena caval (IVC) interruption is indicated and insertion of a filter is the most commonly performed procedure. Aim: To report the experience with IVC filters. Material and methods: Retrospective review of all medical records and operative protocols of patients subjected to IVC filter implantations. Follow up was performed by telephone contact with the patient, relatives or primary physicians, ambulatory consultation or by death certificates. Results: During the period 1993-2005 we implanted IVC filters on 287 patients, 55.4 percent male, average age: 62.1 yrs (17-99). Indications for the procedure were DVT or PE and contraindication of anticoagulation in 141 patients (49.1 percent), DVT or PE and complication of anticoagulation in 65 patients (22.6 percent), prophylaxis in 39 patients (13.6 percent), massive PE or poor respiratory function in 31 patients (10.8 percent), paradoxal emboli in 4 patients (1.4 percent) and other causes in seven patients. All percutaneous devices were successfully inserted. There was no morbidity or mortality related to the procedure. The most frequent access site was the internal jugular vein (66.6 percent). In 24 patients (8.4 percent) the filter was intentionally deployed above the renal veins. Six patients (2.1 percent) were lost to follow up after discharge. A mean follow up of 41.5 months was achieved. Ninety one patients died, with a 5 years survival of 64.7 percent. Symptomatic recurrent PE occurred in 6 patients (2.1 percent) and was the cause of death on 3 of them (1 percent), DVT has been detected in 22 patients (7.7 percent) during the follow up period. Conclusions: IVC filter implantation is a safe and effective short and long term measure to prevent PE and its consequences.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Pulmonary Embolism/prevention & control , Vena Cava Filters , Vena Cava, Inferior , Venous Thrombosis/prevention & control , Anticoagulants , Chile/epidemiology , Disease-Free Survival , Follow-Up Studies , Pulmonary Embolism/mortality , Retrospective Studies , Time Factors , Treatment Outcome , Venous Thrombosis/mortality
13.
Rev. chil. cir ; 57(2): 113-117, abr. 2005. ilus, tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-425178

ABSTRACT

El tratamiento de la isquemia crítica de extremidad inferior es la revascularización para evitar la amputación. La vena safena es el conducto más adecuado para la construcción de un puente a nivel de las arterias tibiales. Cuando no se dispone de material autólogo, el politetrafluoroetileno expandido (PTFE) es la mejor opción, sin embargo sus resultados son inferiores. La construcción de una fístula arterio venosa (FAV) en la anastomosis distal aumenta el flujo a través del conducto y eventualmente su permeabilidad. Nuestro objetivo es evaluar sus resultados a largo plazo. Se operaron consecutivamente 25 extremidades en 24 pacientes (58 por ciento hombres) entre Abril de 1995 y Noviembre de 2003. El promedio de edad fue 72,5 años (59-87). Todas se intervinieron por isquemia crítica (necrosis 76 por ciento, dolor de reposo 24 por ciento). La técnica consistió construir una FAV latero-lateral entre la arteria receptora y una vena del sistema profundo, formando un ostium común al que se anastomosa la prótesis de PTFE. Un paciente fallece por infarto al miocardio (4 por ciento mortalidad operatoria). En los 23 sobrevivientes el seguimiento promedio fue de 30 meses (rango 1 a 80). Permeabilidad primaria, secundaria, salvataje de extremidad y sobrevida actuarial a 36 meses fueron 55 por ciento, 59 por ciento, 70 por ciento y 72 por ciento respectivamente. En ausencia de vena safena, la revascularización infrapoplítea con prótesis de PTFE asociando la construcción de una FAV distal permite evitar la amputación en la mayoría de los pacientes, cuya sobrevida alejada está afectada por graves patologías asociadas.


Subject(s)
Male , Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Tibial Arteries/surgery , Lower Extremity/blood supply , Ischemia/surgery , Polytetrafluoroethylene , Prostheses and Implants , Anastomosis, Surgical , Follow-Up Studies , Postoperative Complications , Survival Rate , Treatment Outcome
14.
Rev. chil. cir ; 56(1): 3-11, feb. 2004. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-394556

ABSTRACT

La historia natural de un aneurisma conduce a la ruptura y muerte. En 1990 se realizó la primera exclusión de la circulación de un aneurisma de aorta abdominal mediante implante de una endoprótesis a través de las arterias femorales. Este procedimiento se ha tranformado en rutinario en los últimos años, revolucionando la práctica de la cirugía vascular. Su aplicación en la aorta abdominal y torácica presenta algunas limitaciones dadas por la tecnología disponible, su alto costo y muy especialmente por las condiciones anatómicas del paciente, motivo por el cual el procedimiento quirúrgico convencional se mantiene vigente. En pacientes seleccionados, los resultados de este procedimiento a corto y mediano plazo son excelentes por lo que constituye una opción menos invasiva, de menor morbilidad y eventualmente con menor mortalidad que la cirugía convencional de esta grave patología. Los resultados a largo plazo, aún desconocidos en plenitud, definirán el rol real de esta terapia en el tratamiento de esta patología.


Subject(s)
Humans , Aortic Aneurysm/surgery , Vascular Surgical Procedures , Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation/methods
15.
Rev. chil. cir ; 41(2): 110-4, jun. 1989. tab, ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-67785

ABSTRACT

Se analizó la experiencia en el tratamiento quirúrgico de 105 pacientes (60 hombres y 45 mujeres). La embolia se localizó en las extremidades inferiores en el 82,2%, superiores 8,9%, mesentérica 6,7% y renal 2,4%. El 93,3% tienen patologías asociadas. En el 87,6% se objetivó la fuente embólica. Cinco pacientes (4,8%) requieren de amputación mayor (3 en forma primaria), todos ellos con más de 24 hr de evolución y con compromiso isquémico avanzado. Fallecen 8 pacientes (7,2%), seis son mayores de 70 años y tienen 2 o más patologías asosciadas. El 28,6%, 9,1% y 33,4% de las embolias aórticas, ilíacas y femorales fallecen; los 3 pacientes con fibrilación auricular asociada a valvulopatía aórtica no reumática, 1 de los 2 con mixoma y 1 de los 5 con endocarditis bacteriana, fallecen. No hubo diferencia en la mortalidad cuando la embolia fué única o múltiple. El tratamiento de elección de la embolia arterial es, en la actualidad, la asociación de anticoagución con cirugía precoz, lo que ha permitido reducir su morbimortalidad. El riesgo es mayor en los mayores de 70 años con múltiples patologías, y en la embolia de la bifurcación aórtica, la incidencia de amputación mayor aumenta cuando el paciente consulta con más de 24 hr de evolución, si hay evidencias de compromiso isquémico severo y cuando afecta las arterias poplítea o femoral


Subject(s)
Adult , Middle Aged , Humans , Male , Female , Embolism/surgery , Amputation, Surgical , Embolism/mortality , Ischemia , Morbidity , Risk Factors
16.
Rev. chil. cardiol ; 8(1): 41-7, ene.-mar. 1989. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-67735

ABSTRACT

Una mujer de 50 años, hipertensa antigua, es admitida por presentar un cuadro de dolor torácico, disnea y alteración de los pulsos periféricos. Los exámenes de laboratorio demostraron una marcada hipoxemia, anemia y velocidad de sedimentación aumentada. Los exámenes radiológicos comprobaron una arteritis de Takayasu tipo III complicada con la ruptura de un aneurisma secular de la aorta yuxtadiafragmática, el que no alcanzó a ser intervenido. La anatomía patológica comprobó las lesiones descritas. Se revisa la literatura encontrándose 2 casos similares, ambos fatales, y varios otros de formación aneurismática por arteritis en otros vasos. La arteritis de Takayasu es causa de aneurismas aórtico y periféricos, y se sospecha debe llevar al estudio panangiográfico. La demostración de estas lesiones requier de un seguimiento estrecho y dee su reparación electiva en especial si son de tipo sacular


Subject(s)
Middle Aged , Humans , Female , Aortic Aneurysm/etiology , Aortic Rupture/surgery , Takayasu Arteritis/complications
17.
Rev. chil. cir ; 39(1): 56-8, 1987.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-58882

ABSTRACT

Se presentan los resultados obtenidos con la técnica de revascularización femoropoplítea y distal en 18 intervenciones en 16 pacientes. La incidencia de diabetes fue 50%, hipertensión arterial 68% y tabaquismo 81%. En el 94% de los casos el lecho distal se reconstituía distal a la arteria poplítea, siendo de un solo vaso en el 61%. La permeabilidad a 30 días fue 94% y al año (6,7 meses X) 88%. Dos pacientes fueron reoperados con PTFE lográndose 100% de salvamento. La técnica in situ ofrece ventajas anatómicas y hemodinámicas para la reconstrucción arterial distal de la extremidad inferior. No hubo mortalidad


Subject(s)
Middle Aged , Humans , Male , Coronary Artery Bypass , Angiography , Popliteal Artery/surgery , Femoral Artery/surgery , Reoperation , Saphenous Vein/surgery
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